Quantum-Information Theoretic Properties of Nuclei and Trapped Bose Gases

Fermionic (atomic nuclei) and bosonic (correlated atoms in a trap) systems are studied from an information-theoretic point of view. Shannon and Onicescu information measures are calculated for the above systems comparing correlated and uncorrelated cases as functions of the strength of short range correlations. One-body and two-body density and momentum distributions are employed. Thus the effect of short-range correlations on the information content is evaluated. The magnitude of distinguishability of the correlated and uncorrelated densities is also discussed employing suitable measures of distance of states i.e. the well known Kullback-Leibler relative entropy and the recently proposed Jensen-Shannon divergence entropy. It is seen that the same information-theoretic properties hold for quantum many-body systems obeying different statistics (fermions and bosons).Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, 1 tabl

Chromium uptake by Fenugreek

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum) is both herb (leaves) and a spice (seed) belonging to the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek leaves and seeds are used in the cuisine of India. Fenugreek also has medicinal value. Fenugreek seeds are known to reduce serum glucose and improve glucose tolerance and hence are prescribed to diabetic patients. In the recent past supplemental Chromium is being prescribed to diabetic patients to activate (increased- insulin binding, insulin receptor number, insulin receptor phosphorylation) insulin. Plants can uptake substantial quantities of toxic metals from contaminated soils if these soils are well ameliorated. 

It is then probable that the medicinal efficacy of Fenugreek in the case of diabetes could be enhanced if it takes up chromium from the soil. Preliminary studies are being conducted to note the chromium uptake by Fenugreek from soils which are applied with potassium dichromate

Studies on the Accumulation of Chromium in Fenugreek

Studying Cr uptake by Fenugreek, we note that the maximum concentration of Cr takes place in the shells of the pods followed by leaves, stems and seeds in that order. Interestingly, applied higher doses of Cr does not increase accumulation of Cr in the stems, rather Cr content in the stems levels off. However, the maximum dispersal/distribution of Cr taken up is in the leaves

Electronic coupling between Bi nanolines and the Si(001) substrate: An experimental and theoretical study

Atomic nanolines are one dimensional systems realized by assembling many atoms on a substrate into long arrays. The electronic properties of the nanolines depend on those of the substrate. Here, we demonstrate that to fully understand the electronic properties of Bi nanolines on clean Si(001) several different contributions must be accounted for. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals a variety of different patterns along the nanolines as the imaging bias is varied. We observe an electronic phase shift of the Bi dimers, associated with imaging atomic p-orbitals, and an electronic coupling between the Bi nanoline and neighbouring Si dimers, which influences the appearance of both. Understanding the interplay between the Bi nanolines and Si substrate could open a novel route to modifying the electronic properties of the nanolines.Comment: 6 pages (main), 2 pages (SI), accepted by Phys. Rev.

Subtractive renormalization of the NN interaction in chiral effective theory up to next-to-next-to-leading order: S waves

We extend our subtractive-renormalization method in order to evaluate the 1S0 and 3S1-3D1 NN scattering phase shifts up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in chiral effective theory. We show that, if energy-dependent contact terms are employed in the NN potential, the 1S0 phase shift can be obtained by carrying out two subtractions on the Lippmann-Schwinger equation. These subtractions use knowledge of the the scattering length and the 1S0 phase shift at a specific energy to eliminate the low-energy constants in the contact interaction from the scattering equation. For the J=1 coupled channel, a similar renormalization can be achieved by three subtractions that employ knowledge of the 3S1 scattering length, the 3S1 phase shift at a specific energy and the 3S1-3D1 generalized scattering length. In both channels a similar method can be applied to a potential with momentum-dependent contact terms, except that in that case one of the subtractions must be replaced by a fit to one piece of experimental data. This method allows the use of arbitrarily high cutoffs in the Lippmann-Schwinger equation. We examine the NNLO S-wave phase shifts for cutoffs as large as 5 GeV and show that the presence of linear energy dependence in the NN potential creates spurious poles in the scattering amplitude. In consequence the results are in conflict with empirical data over appreciable portions of the considered cutoff range. We also identify problems with the use of cutoffs greater than 1 GeV when momentum-dependent contact interactions are employed. These problems are ameliorated, but not eliminated, by the use of spectral-function regularization for the two-pion exchange part of the NN potentialComment: 40 pages, 21 figure

The effects of deformation and pairing correlations on nuclear charge form factor

A set of moderately deformed $s-d$ shell nuclei is employed for testing the reliability of the nuclear ground state wave functions which are obtained in the context of a BCS approach and offer a simultaneous consideration of deformation and pairing correlations effects. In this method, the mean field is assumed to be an axially symmetric Woods-Saxon potential and the effective two-body interaction is a monopole pairing force. As quantities of main interest we have chosen the nuclear form factors, the occupancies of the active (surface) orbits and the Fermi sea depletion, which provide quite good tests for microscopic descriptions of nuclei within many body theories. For our comparisons with results emerging from other similar methods, an axially deformed harmonic oscillator field is also utilized.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, 2 table

A Possible Detection of Occultation by a Proto-planetary Clump in GM Cephei

GM Cep in the young (~ 4 Myr) open cluster Trumpler 37 has been known to be an abrupt variable and to have a circumstellar disk with very active accretion. Our monitoring observations in 2009–2011 revealed the star to show sporadic ?are events, each with brightening of . 0.5 mag lasting for days. These brightening events, associated with a color change toward the blue, should originate from an increased accretion activity. Moreover, the star also underwent a brightness drop of ~ 1 mag lasting for about a month, during which the star became bluer when fainter. Such brightness drops seem to have a recurrence time scale of a year, as evidenced in our data and the photometric behavior of GM Cep over a century. Between consecutive drops, the star brightened gradually by about 1 mag and became blue at peak luminosity. We propose that the drop is caused by obscuration of the central star by an orbiting dust concentration. The UX Orionis type of activity in GM Cep therefore exemplifies the disk inhomogeneity process in transition between grain coagulation and planetesimal formation in a young circumstellar disk

Comment on ‘Tumour-infiltrating inflammation and prognosis in colorectal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis’

No abstract available

QCD at non-zero chemical potential and temperature from the lattice

A study of QCD at non-zero chemical potential, mu, and temperature, T, is performed using the lattice technique. The transition temperature (between the confined and deconfined phases) is determined as a function of mu and is found to be in agreement with other work. In addition the variation of the pressure and energy density with mu is obtained for small positive mu. These results are of particular relevance for heavy-ion collision experiments.Comment: Invited paper presented at the Joint Workshop on Physics at the Japanese Hadron Facility, March 2002, Adelaide. 10 pages, uses ws-procs9x6.cls style file (provided